Produção de ácido cítrico utilizando resíduos da indústria de polpa de frutas por amostras de Aspergillus sp isoladas da Caatinga de Pernambuco.

Abstract

The utilization of microorganisms isolated from diverse environments, mainly unexplored regions as biotechnologically Northeast Caatinga, has generated new studies to isolate and identify new microbial species with high biotechnological potential, through the selection of new samples and tests involving tests means of production of microbial secondary metabolites with high biotechnological potential. Citric acid (CA) is a common organic acid in almost all living beings, naturally present in citrus fruits and has extensive commercial applicability. Production via micro-organisms is performed by species able to convert carbohydrates into citric acid, whose production is strongly influenced by the nature of the substrates in fermentation media. Studies of selection of three samples isolated from Aspergillus sp Caatinga of Pernambuco, named SIS 09, 10 and 16 for production of AC on solid medium and production of AC through submerged with the best selected sample fermentation were initially performed. Three media with different compositions were tested. The experiments were performed on an orbital shaker at 28 ° C, 150 rpm for 144 hours. Samples were collected every 24 hours for determination of the presence of AC, pH and total reducing sugars. The results showed that for tests of selection of AC production on solid medium, the SIS 09 sample showed the formation of higher characteristic halo, 3.0 cm, respectively. Already in production by submerged fermentation, the medium termed M1, which showed the yield of AC with 3.05 g / L, final pH 5.0. After selecting the best means of production along with the best sample were conducted further tests involving the development of alternative means using agro-industrial waste of mashed fruit (pineapple and acerola) industry through a full 23 factorial design. The results showed that alternative pineapple medium containing a concentration of 50g/L was obtained the condition for producing the AC, obtaining 31. 51 g/L during the fermentation 120 h. The selection of new potentially active molecules producing microorganisms and the formulation of alternative media containing agro-industrial wastes generate the realization of new biotechnological studies to improve the conditions of production of desired bioproducts.