"Chama a psicologia!": problematizações foucaultianas sobre as práticas de governo e cuidado-de-si, no hospital, e seus efeitos.

Abstract

The Hospital, as a place of medical practice and healing for patients, is a building dating from the end of the 18th century in Europe. In Brazil, the professional practice in health is in its origin presented as a construction of sanitary medicine and hospital medicine. The insertion of health professionals in psychology, especially in hospital institutions, occurs around the 1950s. Initially based on classical clinical models, the insertion presented the need for the construction of instruments and theoretical models adequate to the specific demands of hospital care. The relations constructed and forged in the meeting between professionals and patients refers to the question of power, its distribution and the art of government of life in these spaces, being possible to find practices of governmentality and practices of care of itself. Objective: To problematize the performance of psychologists in health by analyzing the practices of governmentality and self-care. Method: Qualitative cross-sectional research with cartographic guidelines. Narrative interviews were conducted with five professionals who work in public and philanthropic hospitals in the City of Recife. At the same time, during the hospital visits, a field diary was produced whose narratives co-identified with the production of the interviews, the text-experience of the present thesis. The narrative productions of the thesis were analyzed from the theoretical contribution of Michel Foucault. Results and Discussion: The interviewed participants are named as hospital psychologists, and use the discourses of hospital psychology, psycho-oncology, palliative care, medical psychology and health psychology to make the experience of themselves in this space. Despite starting from the notions of health derived from the biopsychosocial model, many of the practices and interventions narrated still demonstrate postures and positions with support in principles of the pathogenic paradigm and in the biomedical model. Psychology is called in the hospital by the medical and multiprofessional team when there is an uncontrolled or out-patient patient. Of the five participants interviewed, two said they perceived this invitation as an appreciation of psychology while three referred to the need and search for deconstruction of this idea of calling psychology to put out a fire. The performance of psychology in the hospital is seen as a practice that requires continuous construction, almost like an ant job. Final considerations: The psi practices in health within the hospital territory vary between governance practices and care practices. The relationships between the interviewed participants, their peers, patients, the multidisciplinary team and the medical team are based on the discursive and non-discursive practices found in the hospital territory vary, mostly, between horizontal and / or vertical relations and communications. Practices based on relationships and cross-sectional communications observed in different performance scenarios where the positions and positions of health professionals lean more towards an aesthetic way of conducting oneself based on self-care.