Os impactos da "morte de Deus" na construção das subjetividades: a ressignificação da transcendência na experiência religiosa pós-moderna.

Abstract

This thesis is part of Jean-Pierre Lebrun's (2004) reading of Nietzsche's observation about the socio-historical event presented as a metaphor for the “death of God”, which marked the advent of Modernity and the decline of the ultimate foundation that supported the Western world until So. Which caused, according to Lebrun, the crisis of the paternal function, with profound consequences for the new subjective constructions in contemporary times. This thesis aims to analyze the consequences of the “Death of God” and the legitimation crisis that it triggered, in the construction of contemporary subjectivities, problematizing, as a consequence of this new scenario, the new meanings of transcendence in the postmodern religious experience. It is an interdisciplinary research that seeks, from the Sciences of Religion, to dialogue with different fields of knowledge such as: Philosophy, Psychoanalysis, Sociology and Anthropology. We analyze the “death of God based on Lebrun's reading of Nietzschean theory, problematizing the loss of parental authority. This analysis takes place in the postmodern scenario through the emergence of new subjectivities, as defended by Bauman and Hall respectively. In the well-attended religious market, where religions compete day by day faithfully, religiosity has often responded to the demands of individuals, adapting to the market. If God "died", as the ultimate foundation of Western culture, on the other hand, a "new type of God" appears. A God at the service of the subjective demands of individuals, and no longer as his “function of exception” that structured relations in culture. As a result, we have a resignified transcendence so that it can meet the yearnings for “full enjoyment”, by a portion of religious individuals in contemporary times.