O reconhecimento do princípio responsabilidade para o enfrentamento do vazio ético da sociedade tecnológica.

Abstract

This dissertation aims to demonstrate the philosophical thinking of Hans Jonas, especially its ethical dimension. Even more: in the fashion of modernity, therefore, in the Hegelian sense, give the reasons why one should recognize the ethics of responsibility proposed by the Jewish-German thinker as indispensable for facing the ethical challenges that characterize the contemporary world, a world that, at the all evidence, seems to suffer from a true ethical void, a kind of moral twilight already pointed out by modern, neomodern, postmodern, hypermodern and even postmoralist thinkers. The list is incomplete. Here, therefore, under the analytical-phenomenological methodological perspective, technoscience will be taken care of as a hegemonic power that threatens the preservation of nature and beings in general, of humanity as we know it, including the essence of man and future generations . However, it would not be enough, on the one hand, to undertake the characterization of the context in the face of which a new ethical paradigm must be demanded, that is, in which the Principle of Responsibility proposed by Hans Jonas must act, and, on the other hand, so just to say that modern technology, due to its effective exorbitance, would constitute its object. It was necessary, therefore, to move towards the ethical proposition of the Jewish-German thinker through the stages of his philosophical journey, therefore, from his research on the gnosis of late antiquity, where he glimpsed the issue of duality and ancient and modern nihilism, passing, later, through the formulation of an ontobiology, philosophy of biology or phenomenology of life, until it flows into the proposition of an ethics of responsibility, whose foundation is clearly metaphysical, but updated based on the Life Principle, made possible by the ontobiology thought by Hans Jonas. Therefore, treading and evoking the philosophical path of the author of the Principle of Responsibility, the aim is, at the end, to confirm the need to take into account the ontological categorical imperative contained therein, that is, of an ethics for the future, in order to contribute to the ethical debate that takes place in the context of the so-called technological civilization, with the telos of seeing the ethical void that permeated it overcome.