Um estudo enunciativo do marcador preposicional “de” em sentenças aritméticas.

Abstract

This paper presents a theme in the area of Language Sciences. It aims to analyze the meaning of the prepositional marker "of", taking as a starting point its spatial position, in arithmetic sentences, identifying the relations established by the sign "of" with other signs in the statement of the questions, which are preponderant for the establishment of the meaning of the preposition in arithmetic. The significant character of this research is the result of teachers' concerns, given the difficulties of students when faced with various concepts, which involve reading and understanding, both of the natural language and of the mathematical culture, consequently difficulty in solving problems. The specific objectives of the study are to examine the relation of semiotic and semantic meaning in arithmetic sentences and to analyze the sign "of" as an integral element in these mathematical statements. The prepositional marker "of" interposes itself with other classes to express relations of meaning, as well as every preposition, because it is a class of invariable word that connects nominal units, such as noun, pronoun and adjective. Thus, for the study, it is necessary to understand that Brazilian grammars reveal uses in language in a very particular way depending on the place occupied in the statement of the sentence by the preposition "of". For this, it is important to identify the relations of meaning established by the sign "of" with other signs. Given this, we will rely on the structuralist studies of Ferdinand Saussure (2006) and Émile Benveniste (1988; 1989), which approach the sign, in a system, as a unit of meaning of the language, from the value relation that the signs establish among themselves. Thus, it is important to highlight that, in this work, the semiotic studies presented are anchored in the continental European tradition, of structuralist formation. With this, we had as methodology a qualitative and quantitative research of applied nature, under which we made an analysis of arithmetic sentences present in the textbook of the teacher of 6th grade of elementary school: Mathematics – Bianchini, by Edwaldo Bianchini, published in 2018, approved by the PNLD 2020, and according to the skills and competencies provided in the BNCC for the teaching of mathematics. Thus, we attest to the spatial position of the preposition "of" being a cause of difficulties in the resolution of the sentence, since this preposition presents a sense of multiplication in arithmetic sentences that express fraction, different from the meanings studied in sentences focused on the teaching of the Portuguese Language. Therefore, it is necessary that the teacher of Portuguese language and mathematics promote the formation of the student, from the knowledge of the difficulties generated by a problem of meaning of the linguistic sign, with interlocutions between the disciplines, so that there is an efficient interpretation of the meaning of the preposition "of" in the mathematical sentences for the teaching-learning process.