Da ausência do olhar do outro à ausência do limite corporal: sobre a fragmentação corpórea no autismo

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss, based on Lacanian psychoanalytic literature matrix, the absence of the gaze of the Other as one of the factors that hinder the construction of a unified body image in autistic. The look has a relational dimension, becoming an important object to the design of the entire body. Indeed, in the initial development stage, the infant perceives the body as fragmented. There is not, from him, the sense of organic integration and the perception of the distinction between the inside and the outside. Although it also depends on physiological maturity, it is from the relationship with the adult who does the mothering that can happen to the little being, acquiring the sense of bodily unity. However, in the case of autistic children, it is common to find an intricate communication between the caregiver and the baby, which appears represented, above all, the mismatch looks. To understand this phenomenon, the methodology adopted was a literature review in the psychoanalytic literature. In it, we take the Lacanian theory of the mirror Stadium and its development as a fundamental basis, linking them with the following contemporary metapsychological constructs: the psychoanalytic concepts of looking, the mother's relationship with the baby, autism and body. For this, textual productions of the authors will be used, which have as a matrix of Lacanian psychoanalysis inspiration, especially the psychoanalyst Marie-Christine Laznik (1991, 2004).