Foro especial criminal por prerrogativa de função: da necessária desconstrução do paradigma racionalista para alcance da efetividade da ação penal originária

Abstract

The prerogative institute is often criticized by the differential treatment given to the accused, but also due to the difficulties of its implementation, since the "mode of being" of the respective criminal action, with all its peculiarities, slows down the processing, hurts important principles of criminal procedure and invariably gives the fame of impunity instrument. Initially, this study will seek, through historical research, to present how the speech of the forum prerogative, with statements signed from ancient Greece and greatly influenced by the tenets of Canon Law (privilegium fori), took root in the Brazilian legal system and turned into a rationalist truth with crucial (and harmful) consequences in criminal proceedings. In sequency, will be analyzed numerous obstacles for the prosecuting of the criminal case, including the physical structure of the Courts, the absence of specialized servers and magistrates, the possibility of frequent desclocamentos of competence, the high cost of the process, the distance of judge and the absence of double jurisdiction. At the end, despite the already existing legislative proposals to abolish the institute of forum prerogative, will be proposed an alternative procedural institute able, at least, to inhibit trivialized application of the forum prerogative and bring the process to a model that, ensuring the effective exercise of procedural safeguards, can resolve the jurisditional conflict in a reasonable time and less costly, so it's not a perennial source of disappointment, nor allow the erosion of legitimacy of the national legal system.