Colapso em caso de incêndio em edifícios de alvenaria resistente

Abstract

The risk collapse of Building type box is alarming. Most of these buildings have some potential risk. About 10% of the population of Pernambuco lives in this type building. The Military Fire Department of Pernambuco (CBMPE) attended in 2012 in RMR 314 occurrences in residential building and in 2013 had 325 residential fires. In the city of Recife in 2013 were 198 occurrences of residential fire being 36 in multifamily buildings, the same occupation of the buildings type box. In this work is presented a case study of a fire in an apartment, where its effects on masonry were observed, and it is verified that these effects could lead to collapse in a Resistant Masonry building, because in this type of building the walls is supporting masonry structure. Such estimates were about the strength in compression of the walls considering reductions in resistance resulting from fire damage. Studies show that the resistant masonry buildings to have their guaranteed stability depend on the participation of the coating on compressive strength. The rules for the structural masonry recommend that should not be considered the contribution of the coating in its strength in compression. However, without the contribution of the coating the structure was numerically outside safe limits. The effects of fire may result in the destruction of the plaster on one side of the wall, and around one third of the ceramic block, which should represent the ruin of the building if it had occurred on the ground floor.