Produção de biossurfactante a partir de gordura vegetal e aplicação na remoção de poluente gerado pela indústria de petróleo.

Abstract

The accumulation and persistence of toxic materials in water and soil represents a major problem today. Various organics are generated as byproducts from industries (e.g. petroleum and petrochemical, pulp and paper, chemical industries etc.), which may be released into the environment, or are accidentally spilled. Aromatics and their chlorinated derivatives, which are difficult to biodegrade and are toxic, are of primary concern. On this days, biodegradation techniques had become a promising alternative in the ground treatment contaminated for organic substances. Bioremediation can be defined as any process that uses microorganisms, fungi, green plants or their enzymes to return the environment altered by contaminants to its original condition. Bioremediation may be employed to attack specific soil contaminants, such as degradation of crude oil. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in soil can be efficiently enhanced by addition or in situ production of biosurfactants. It was generally observed that the degradation time, and particularly the adaptation time, for microbes was shortened. With the growing interest of surfactants applications in environmental remediation. Microbial surface active agents (biosurfactants) are important biotechnological products, with a wide range of applications in many industries. Their properties of interest are: in changing surface active phenomena, such as lowering of surface and interfacial tensions, wetting and penetrating actions, spreading, hydrophylicity and hydrophobicity actions, microbial growth enhancement, metal sequestration and anti-microbial action. Thus, this project propouse study the effect of biosurfactants produced by Candida glabrata.